E., Tennen, H., Affleck, G., & Pransky, G. Statistical power analyses using G*power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 46( 5), 548– 558. A new measure of children's optimism and pessimism: The youth life orientation test. N., Palmer, S., Klosky, J., Deptula, D., Thomas, J., & Cohen, R. Learning from the news in campaign 2000: An experimental comparison of TV news, newspapers, and online news. Optimism bias during the Covid-19 pandemic: Empirical evidence from Romania and Italy. Druică, E., Musso, F., & Ianole-Călin, R.Unrealistic optimism in the time of coronavirus pandemic: May it help to kill, if so-Whom: Disease or the person? Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9( 5), 1– 9. Dolinski, D., Dolinska, B., Zmaczynska-Witek, B., Banach, M., & Kulesza, W.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35( 11), 1540– 1550. The dark side of optimism: Unrealistic optimism about problems with alcohol predicts subsequent negative event experiences. Journal of Health Communication, 11( Suppl.1), 93– 102. Unrealistic optimism in smokers: Implications for smoking myth endorsement and self-protective motivation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 47( 4), 540– 550. Neither an optimist nor a pessimist be: Mistaken expectations lower well-being. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 12( 3), 96– 111. Finally informing the electorate? How the internet got people thinking about presidential politics in 2004. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14( 10), 1– 13. ![]() Effectiveness of a video-versus text-based computer-tailored intervention for obesity prevention after one year: A randomized controlled trial. L., Oenema, A., Lechner, L., & de Vries, H. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66( 3), 460– 473. Heuristic processing can bias systematic processing of source credibility, argument ambiguity, and task importance on attitude judgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34( 4), 605– 614. Communication modality as a determinant of message persuasiveness and message comprehensibility. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 752– 766. Heuristic versus systematic processing and the use of source versus message cues in persuasion. The use of traditional media for public communication about medicines: A systematic review of characteristics and outcomes. Catalan-Matamoros, D., & Peñafiel-Saiz, C.Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 8( 2), 176– 189. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 8( 2), 81– 89. Content analysis of media coverage of childhood obesity topics in UAE newspapers and popular social media platforms, 2014-2017. Serper (Eds.), Behavioral mechanisms and psychopathology: Advancing the explanation of its nature, cause, and treatment (pp. Vulnerability to unipolar depression: Cognitive-behavioral mechanisms. These results can be applied to strategies for written and video communications that can be used by governments and public health agencies as best practices concerning not only COVID-19 but also any subsequent public health threat while promoting proactive, optimal, and healthy functioning of the individual. The third experiment, which included both articles and videos, replicated these results. ![]() Ostensibly, daily newspaper articles describing other people diligently following medical recommendations (experiment 1) and videos showing people who did not follow these recommendations (experiment 2) reduced unrealistic optimism. A between-subject factor was created by manipulation. Three experiments were run in a mixed-design on 1831 participants to eliminate unrealistic optimism (measured by two items-probability of COVID-19 infection for oneself and for others within-subjects) toward the probability of COVID-19 infection via articles/videos. ![]() ![]() By reducing fear, this bias boosts one's well-being however, it is also a deterrent to one's health. Unrealistic optimism is the tendency to perceive oneself as safer than others in situations that equally threaten everybody.
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